New York Hourly Calculator

New York State is the land of the Big Apple, Niagara Falls, and many payroll taxes and paycheck laws.

There’s a lot to keep track of when it comes to payroll. We’ll help you sort through it with these frequently asked questions (FAQs) from business owners based in New York state.

New York payroll taxes

Here’s what you need to know about withholding payroll taxes in New York.

• New York payroll taxes start with employees filling out Form W-4. This information helps you determine how much you should withhold.
• If an employee does not complete this form, you will need to withhold tax as though no exemptions were claimed.
• Employees need to update Form W-4 in case of life events (such as marriage, divorce, birth or adoption of a child, etc.) which may impact their taxes.
• The personal income tax rate in New York is 4.00%–10.90%.
• New York does not have reciprocity with other states.

Additional New York forms

In addition to Form W-4 mentioned above, New York employers also need to file the following forms:

1. Return of Tax Withheld Payment Coupon (NYS-1)*
2. Quarterly Combined Withholding, Wage Reporting, and Unemployment Insurance Return (NYS-45)
3. Employer's Quarterly Metropolitan Transit Tax Form (MTA-305)
4. NY New Hire Report

New York unemployment tax rate

New York requires most employers to pay unemployment insurance tax to help compensate workers who are out of work through no fault of their own.

• Employers pay New York unemployment tax on the first $12,300 of an employee’s wages.
• See the New York Department of Labor webpage for 2023 rates by employer type.
• Unemployment tax in New York should be paid quarterly to the New York State Department of Labor.

Paying New York taxes

Here’s what you need to know about paying New York taxes:

• New York’s payment frequency is quarterly.

Other New York taxes

New York employers are also required to pay or withhold the following taxes.

• START-UP NY
• MCTMT

New York minimum wage

In 2023, the minimum wage in New York is $14.20 per hour.

New York overtime pay

Because New York doesn’t have any state law governing overtime pay, the federal rules under the Fair Labor Standards Act apply. Generally speaking, hourly employees are to be paid time-and-a-half for all hours worked over 40 hours in a week.

Workers’ Compensation

Requirements to obtain Workers' Compensation vary by state. This table outlines some of these requirements. If you determine that your company is required to purchase Workers' Compensation insurance in your state, learn how to sign up for this insurance with Gusto. Sometimes, companies get a request for a workers' comp audit—head to this article and click the workers’ comp audit reports dropdown for more information.

New hires

Employers in New York need to report new employees.

• New hires must be reported to New hire reporting.
• New hires must be reported within 20 days of their first day of work.

Payroll stubs

You must provide a pay stub to every employee that includes:

1. Company’s legal name and address
2. Employee’s name and last four digits of their Social Security number
3. Pay period beginning and end dates
4. Total hours worked
5. Rate of pay
6. Gross wages
7. The amount and reason for any deduction

Final paychecks

Employers must pay final wages to employees by the next scheduled payday.

Time off

New York law requires employers to provide the following types of time off to employees.

• Jury duty
• Voting leave: In some circumstances, employers are obligated to provide paid time off to allow employees to vote.
• Family & parental leave
• Sick leave: This may be unpaid if the employer has fewer than five employees and a net income less than $1 million.
• Medical leave
• Domestic violence leave, under the sick leave law

Federal payroll taxes

In addition to New York-specific taxes, both you and your employees will pay a variety of federal payroll taxes. Check out the breakdown below.

Federal income tax

Unless they are exempt, your employees will pay federal income tax.

• You must withhold federal income tax from employees’ pay, unless they are exempt.
• Each employee’s Form W-4 will differ based on their filing status and dependents, among other details—so the amount of income tax to be withheld will vary.
• Form W-4 does not need to be sent to the IRS, but should be kept for your records.

FICA

Both you and your employees will pay Federal Insurance Contributions Act, or FICA tax.

• FICA is made up of the Medicare tax and the Social Security tax.
• In 2023, the Social Security tax requires employers and employees to each contribute 6.2% of wages up to $2,600.
• The Medicare tax requires employers and employees to each contribute 1.45% of all wages.
• See the IRS webpage for details, like maximum thresholds.

FUTA

Like the state, the federal government also has an unemployment tax, called FUTA, which is paid by employers.

• FUTA is an annual tax an employer pays on the first $7,000 of each employee’s wages.
• The FUTA rate for 2023 is 6.0%, but many employers are able to pay less, for instance, up to 5.4% each year due to tax credits.
• Most employers will pay this tax annually with Form 940. But larger employers with more than $500 in tax due will have to pay quarterly.

Additional Medicare tax

The Additional Medicare tax is paid by employees. Here’s what you should know:

• For employees who earn over $200,000 per year, 0.9% of earnings will need to be withheld for the Additional Medicare tax.
• Whether or not your employee owes this tax may depend on their filing status.

Paying federal taxes

How often you’ll pay federal payroll taxes depends on how much you owe.

• Semi-weekly or monthly payments are required for federal withholding, Additional Medicare, and FICA taxes. And every quarter, a summary payroll tax return is due on Form 941, Employer’s Quarterly Federal Tax Return.
• Quarterly or annual payments are required for federal unemployment tax. Most employers will pay annually, but quarterly payments are necessary if you owe more than $500. Each time you make a payment, you’ll need to file a payroll tax return on Form 940, Employer’s Annual Federal Unemployment (FUTA) Tax Return.

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We’re here to help

If you don’t love manual number crunching and payroll taxes sound overwhelming to you, take advantage of Gusto’s full-service payroll options or use an experienced accountant to help you with the process.