Your Ultimate Guide To Starting and Running a Sole Proprietorship

Starting a business doesn’t have to begin with complicated paperwork, expensive legal fees, or a stack of corporate documents. For millions of entrepreneurs, the first step is much simpler: start working, earn revenue, and build something of your own.

That is where a sole proprietorship (sometimes known more casually as a “sole prop”) comes in.

A sole prop is the simplest business structure available to entrepreneurs in the United States. It allows one person to own and operate a business without creating a separate legal entity. For freelancers, independent contractors, consultants, creators, and small business owners testing a new idea, it can be one of the fastest ways to turn a skill or passion into income.

But, even the simplest business entity requires some education and understanding—and that’s where this guide comes in! 

A sole prop is responsible for understanding taxes, managing business finances, meeting licensing requirements, protecting personal assets, and making decisions about when the business structure should evolve.

Here we explain how sole props work, how to start one correctly, how to manage the day-to-day responsibilities, and how to decide whether it remains the right choice as your business grows.

Why a sole proprietorship is often the first step for entrepreneurs

Many people imagine starting a business as a major legal event where they need to immediately form an LLC, hire professionals, and create a complex operating structure.

In reality, many businesses begin much more simply.

A freelance writer who starts accepting clients, a photographer who books their first wedding, or a consultant who invoices their first customer may already be operating as a sole proprietor. No special action is required to become a sol prop. If you’re a solopreneur and you’re earning money, chances are: you’re a sole prop. Congrats! 

A sole proprietorship exists when one person owns an unincorporated business. There is no separate legal entity between the owner and the business. This means the owner receives the business income, manages the expenses, and reports the business activity on their personal tax return.

The structure is popular because it removes many barriers to getting started.

A new entrepreneur can often begin with:

  • A business idea

  • Required licenses or permits

  • A way to accept payments

  • A system for tracking income and expenses

That simplicity makes sole props especially common among businesses that start small and grow gradually.

What is a sole proprietorship?

A sole prop is a business owned by one individual where the owner and the business are legally considered the same entity.

Unlike an LLC or corporation, a sole proprietorship does not create a separate legal person. The owner does not have shareholders, partners, or a board of directors. They make all business decisions and keep the profits after expenses.

The basic characteristics of a sole proprietorship include:

Feature

Sole proprietorship

Ownership

One individual

Legal structure

Not a separate legal entity

Setup process

Usually simple

Control

Owner makes all decisions

Tax reporting

Business income generally reported on personal tax return

Liability

Owner is personally responsible for business obligations

Investment options

Limited compared with corporations

The biggest distinction between a sole proprietorship and other business structures is the lack of legal separation.

That can be an advantage because there are fewer administrative requirements. It can also create additional responsibility because the owner carries the risks associated with the business.

How a sole proprietorship works in practice

Imagine someone starts a freelance marketing business.

They find clients, create invoices, receive payments, purchase software subscriptions, and pay for advertising. They do not create an LLC or corporation.

From a legal perspective, that person is likely operating as a sole proprietor.

At the end of the year, they calculate:

  • Business revenue

  • Business expenses

  • Net profit or loss

That information is reported as part of their personal tax filing.

The business owner is not an employee of their own sole proprietorship. Instead, they are considered self-employed and responsible for managing their own tax obligations.

This structure works well for many small businesses because it keeps administration simple while allowing the owner to focus on building revenue.

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Who should consider a sole proprietorship?

A sole prop is often a good fit for someone who wants to start operating quickly without significant upfront complexity.

Common examples include:

Type of business

Why a sole proprietorship may work

Freelancers

Easy way to begin serving clients independently

Consultants

Simple structure for professional services

Independent contractors

Often aligns with how they already operate

Creators

Allows monetizing content, skills, or products

Local service providers

Suitable for many small service businesses

Side businesses

Allows testing an idea before expanding

For someone experimenting with a business idea, a sole proprietorship can be a practical starting point.

For example, someone who begins making custom candles as a weekend project may not need the same structure as someone opening a construction company with employees and significant liability exposure.

The right choice depends on the type of work, level of risk, growth plans, and financial goals.

The advantages of a sole proprietorship

The popularity of sole proprietorships comes from several practical advantages.

Simple setup and fewer administrative requirements

Compared with corporations and LLCs, sole proprietorships generally involve less paperwork and fewer ongoing compliance requirements.

You typically do not need to file formation documents with the state to create the business structure itself.

However, that does not mean every sole proprietor can begin operating immediately. Local, state, and industry requirements may still apply.

A restaurant, contractor, healthcare provider, or professional service business may have specific licenses even if the owner operates as a sole proprietor.

Complete control over business decisions

A sole proprietor does not need approval from partners, shareholders, or investors.

The owner decides:

  • Which products or services to offer

  • How much to charge

  • Which customers to work with

  • How to market the business

  • Whether to expand

This flexibility can be valuable, especially during the early stages of a business.

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Lower startup costs

Creating and maintaining a sole proprietorship is generally less expensive than forming and maintaining other business structures.

There may still be costs associated with:

  • Licenses

  • Permits

  • Insurance

  • Equipment

  • Software

  • Professional services

However, the business structure itself usually does not require the same level of expense or administration as a corporation.

Straightforward tax reporting

Sole proprietors generally report their business income and expenses on their personal tax return rather than filing a separate corporate tax return.

This can make tax reporting easier, especially for businesses with straightforward finances.

That said, "simple" does not mean "automatic." Sole proprietors still need to understand deductions, estimated taxes, and recordkeeping requirements.

The disadvantages of a sole proprietorship

Before choosing a sole proprietorship, it is important to understand the tradeoffs.

The same features that make it simple can create challenges as the business grows.

Personal liability for business obligations

The biggest consideration is liability.

Because the business and owner are not separate legal entities, the owner may be personally responsible for:

  • Business debts

  • Lawsuits

  • Contract disputes

  • Financial obligations

This is why some business owners eventually transition to an LLC or another structure that provides additional liability protection.

Limited options for raising capital

Sole proprietorships generally cannot issue ownership shares or attract investors in the same way corporations ca, so for businesses planning rapid expansion or outside investment, another structure may be more appropriate.

More responsibility falls on the owner

A sole proprietor wears many hats.

They may be responsible for:

  • Sales

  • Customer service

  • Accounting

  • Operations

  • Compliance

  • Taxes

  • Hiring decisions

That independence can be rewarding, but it also requires organization and planning.

The difference between being self-employed and owning a business

People often use "self-employed," "freelancer," and "business owner" interchangeably, but there are differences.

A sole proprietor is a type of self-employed business owner.

Self-employed individuals earn income by working independently rather than receiving wages from an employer. Some are sole proprietors, while others operate through LLCs, partnerships, or corporations.

For example:

A freelance designer who invoices clients personally may be a sole proprietor vs. a freelance designer who forms an LLC operates under a different legal structure but is still self-employed.

Understanding this distinction helps business owners make better decisions about taxes, compliance, and growth.

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How to start a sole proprietorship step-by-step

One of the biggest reasons people choose a sole proprietorship is because getting started is relatively straightforward. However, "easy to start" does not mean "nothing to do."

A successful sole proprietorship begins with a few foundational steps that help you operate legally, stay organized, and build a business that can grow.

The exact requirements vary depending on your location, industry, and type of work. A freelance designer working from home will have different obligations than a food business, construction company, or healthcare provider.

Use the following steps as a general roadmap, then confirm the specific requirements that apply to your situation.

Step 1: Decide what you will sell and how your business will operate

Before worrying about paperwork, clarify the basics of your business.

Ask yourself:

  • What product or service am I offering?

  • Who is my ideal customer?

  • How will customers find and pay me?

  • What expenses will I have to operate?

  • Will I work alone or eventually hire help?

These questions may seem unrelated to legal setup, but they influence nearly every decision that follows.

For example, a consultant who works remotely may have minimal startup requirements. A contractor who purchases equipment, hires workers, and works on customer property will likely need more planning around insurance, licensing, and risk management.

Step 2: Choose a business name

A sole proprietor can often operate under their personal legal name.

For example:

  • Sarah Johnson

  • Sarah Johnson Consulting

However, many business owners choose a separate business name to create a stronger brand identity.

Examples:

  • Bright Path Consulting

  • Northside Design Studio

  • Green Valley Landscaping

If you operate under a name that is different from your legal name, you may need to register a Doing Business As name, often called a DBA or fictitious business name.

DBA requirements vary by state and sometimes by county or city.

Registering a business name can also help customers recognize your company as a professional operation rather than an informal side project.

Step 3: Research licenses and permits

One of the most common mistakes new business owners make is assuming that a sole proprietorship does not require registration or approval.

The business structure itself may be simple, but your industry or location may have specific requirements.

Depending on your business, you may need:

Requirement

Examples

General business license

Local authorization to operate

Professional license

Required for regulated professions

Sales tax permit

Required when selling taxable goods or services

Health permit

Common for food and health-related businesses

Home occupation permit

Required in some areas for home-based businesses

A good starting point is checking your city, county, and state government websites for requirements.

Operating without required licenses can result in fines, penalties, or problems with customers and vendors.

Step 4: Decide whether you need an EIN

An Employer Identification Number (EIN) is a federal tax identification number issued by the IRS.

Many sole proprietors without employees can use their Social Security number for federal tax purposes.

However, an EIN can still be useful.

You may want to obtain one if you:

  • Hire employees

  • Open a business bank account

  • Work with companies that require tax identification information

  • Want to avoid sharing your Social Security number with clients

An EIN is free to obtain through the IRS and can make certain business activities easier.

Step 5: Open a separate business bank account

A separate business bank account is one of the simplest ways to create good financial habits.

Even when a sole proprietor is legally allowed to mix personal and business funds, doing so creates unnecessary complications.

Separating finances helps you:

  • Track profitability

  • Identify business expenses

  • Prepare tax documents

  • Review cash flow

  • Present a more professional image

A dedicated account also makes it easier to understand whether your business is actually making money.

Many new entrepreneurs underestimate their expenses because business purchases are mixed with everyday personal spending.

Step 6: Set up a bookkeeping system

Bookkeeping is not just a tax requirement. It is a tool for understanding your business.

A basic bookkeeping system should help you track:

  • Revenue

  • Expenses

  • Outstanding payments

  • Business purchases

  • Receipts

  • Tax-related information

You do not necessarily need complicated accounting software when you are starting.

The important thing is consistency.

A business owner who records transactions every week will have a much easier time than someone trying to reconstruct an entire year of activity before tax season.

Step 7: Understand your tax responsibilities

Taxes are one of the areas where new sole proprietors often feel uncertain.

Because you are not receiving a traditional paycheck from an employer, taxes are handled differently.

Generally, sole props are responsible for:

  • Reporting business income

  • Tracking deductible expenses

  • Paying income taxes

  • Paying self-employment taxes

  • Making estimated tax payments when required

Your specific obligations depend on your income, location, and circumstances.

Working with a qualified tax professional can be helpful, especially as your business becomes more complex.

Understanding sole proprietor taxes

Taxes are one of the biggest differences between being an employee and running your own business.

When you work for an employer, taxes are typically withheld from each paycheck.

As a sole prop, customers pay your business directly, and you are responsible for setting aside money for taxes.

Income tax

Sole proprietors generally report business profit on their personal tax return.

Your taxable business income is usually calculated by subtracting eligible business expenses from business revenue.

For example:

Description

Amount

Business revenue

$75,000

Business expenses

$20,000

Net business profit

$55,000

The $55,000 profit is generally the amount used when calculating your tax obligations.

Self-employment tax

Self-employment tax covers Social Security and Medicare taxes for individuals who work for themselves.

Employees typically split these taxes with their employers. Sole proprietors are responsible for both portions because they are both the worker and the business owner.

This is one reason new business owners should avoid spending every dollar they receive from customers.

Estimated quarterly taxes

Many sole proprietors make estimated tax payments throughout the year instead of waiting until tax season.

These payments help cover expected:

  • Income taxes

  • Self-employment taxes

  • Other applicable obligations

A common mistake is treating all incoming revenue as available spending money.

Successful business owners plan for taxes from the beginning.

Common tax deductions for sole proprietors

A legitimate business expense is generally a cost that is ordinary and necessary for running your business.

Examples may include:

  • Business software

  • Professional services

  • Marketing expenses

  • Office supplies

  • Business insurance

  • Equipment

  • Certain vehicle expenses

  • Education related to your business

Keeping detailed records is essential. A purchase that seems obvious today can become difficult to support months later if there is no documentation.

Protecting your business with insurance

Because sole proprietorships do not provide automatic liability protection, insurance is an important consideration.

The right coverage depends on the nature of your business.

Common types of business insurance include:

Insurance type

What it may help protect against

General liability insurance

Customer injuries, property damage, certain claims

Professional liability insurance

Errors, omissions, professional mistakes

Commercial property insurance

Damage to business equipment or property

Workers compensation insurance

Employee workplace injuries where required

Insurance does not replace good business practices, but it can reduce the financial impact of unexpected events.

For example, a freelance consultant may face very different risks than a contractor who works on customer property.

Creating a professional foundation from day one

Many entrepreneurs treat a sole proprietorship as a temporary arrangement and overlook basic business systems.

That can create problems later.

Even if you are starting small, establish habits that support growth:

  • Use written agreements with customers

  • Track income and expenses regularly

  • Keep copies of important documents

  • Review your pricing periodically

  • Create a process for invoices and payments

A business does not become professional because it has a specific legal structure. It becomes professional because the owner builds reliable systems.

A sole proprietor startup checklist

Task

Why it matters

Choose a business name

Creates your business identity

Register a DBA if needed

Allows you to operate under another name

Confirm licenses and permits

Keeps your business compliant

Get an EIN if appropriate

Supports hiring and financial privacy

Open a business bank account

Separates finances

Set up bookkeeping

Makes financial tracking easier

Review insurance needs

Helps manage risk

Understand taxes

Prevents unexpected obligations

Create customer agreements

Sets clear expectations

Starting correctly does not require perfection. It requires building a foundation that makes future growth easier.

How to run a sole proprietorship successfully

Starting a sole proprietorship is only the beginning. The owners who build sustainable businesses are usually not the ones who simply have the best idea. They are the ones who create systems that help them manage money, serve customers, and make thoughtful decisions as the business changes.

When you are a sole proprietor, every part of the business eventually comes back to you. You may be the salesperson, service provider, bookkeeper, project manager, and customer support team all at once.

That level of responsibility can feel challenging, but it also gives you an opportunity to build a business exactly the way you want.

The key is creating simple processes early instead of waiting until problems appear.

Keep your personal and business finances separate

One of the most important habits for any sole proprietor is separating business activity from personal spending.

Even if your business is small, mixing everything together makes it harder to answer basic questions:

  • How much money did my business actually make?

  • Which expenses are related to the business?

  • Can I afford to hire help?

  • How much should I set aside for taxes?

A separate business checking account, dedicated payment methods, and organized records create a clearer financial picture.

This also helps when working with a tax professional, applying for financing, or reviewing whether your business is ready for the next stage of growth.

Build a simple bookkeeping routine

Many new business owners avoid bookkeeping because it feels like administrative work that takes time away from earning money.

The reality is that good bookkeeping protects the time and money you are already investing.

A basic bookkeeping routine might include:

  • Recording income weekly

  • Categorizing expenses consistently

  • Saving receipts and invoices

  • Reviewing financial statements monthly

  • Preparing tax information throughout the year

The goal is not to become an accountant. The goal is to understand what is happening inside your business.

A business owner who knows their numbers can make better decisions about pricing, hiring, marketing, and expansion.

Create a pricing strategy that supports your business

One of the most common mistakes new sole proprietors make is setting prices based only on what feels reasonable.

A sustainable price needs to account for more than the cost of delivering a product or service.

You also need to consider:

  • Business expenses

  • Taxes

  • Time spent on administrative work

  • Marketing efforts

  • Professional development

  • Future growth

For example, a consultant who charges only for client meetings may overlook the hours spent preparing proposals, responding to emails, managing invoices, and improving their skills.

Your business needs revenue not only to survive today but also to support future goals.

Use contracts and written agreements

Many new entrepreneurs rely on informal agreements because they want to keep relationships simple.

However, clear written agreements protect both you and your customers.

A basic client agreement can outline:

  • Scope of work

  • Payment terms

  • Deadlines

  • Deliverables

  • Revision policies

  • Cancellation terms

  • Ownership rights

Contracts are not about creating distance between you and your customers. They create clarity and reduce misunderstandings.

A professional process often improves customer relationships because everyone understands what to expect.

Manage cash flow carefully

Profit and cash flow are not the same thing.

A business can be profitable on paper and still struggle if money does not arrive when bills are due.

For example:

A freelance designer completes a $10,000 project in March but does not receive payment until May. The revenue exists, but the cash is not available during April expenses.

Managing cash flow means paying attention to:

  • When customers pay

  • When bills are due

  • Seasonal changes in demand

  • Upcoming tax obligations

  • Large planned purchases

Many small businesses fail not because they lack customers, but because they do not manage the timing of their money.

Create a process for getting paid

Getting paid should not depend on remembering to send an invoice at the end of a busy week.

A reliable payment process might include:

  1. Providing a clear estimate or proposal

  2. Agreeing on payment terms

  3. Sending invoices consistently

  4. Following up on unpaid invoices

  5. Recording payments immediately

Professional payment systems signal that your business is established and trustworthy.

Know when to outsource

A common challenge for sole proprietors is trying to handle everything themselves.

Doing everything may work at the beginning, but eventually your time becomes your most valuable resource.

Many business owners eventually outsource tasks such as:

  • Bookkeeping

  • Tax preparation

  • Administrative work

  • Marketing

  • Website management

  • Payroll

The question is not whether you can do something yourself. The question is whether doing it yourself is the best use of your time.

Hiring employees as a sole proprietor

Many sole proprietors begin as one-person businesses, but over time, growth may create a need for additional support. Hiring your first employee is a major milestone, but it also changes your responsibilities as a business owner. You are no longer only managing your own income. You are responsible for another person's wages, tax withholding, documentation, and workplace requirements.

Before hiring, consider:

  • Whether the role is necessary

  • Whether you can consistently afford payroll

  • Whether you understand employer responsibilities

  • Whether your systems are ready for growth

What changes when you hire employees?

Once you become an employer, you generally need to manage:

Responsibility

What it involves

Payroll processing

Calculating wages and deductions

Tax withholding

Managing required employee taxes

Tax filings

Submitting payroll tax reports

New hire reporting

Completing required employee documentation

Employee records

Maintaining accurate information

Workplace compliance

Following applicable labor requirements

These responsibilities can become time consuming quickly, especially for owners who are still focused on serving customers.

How payroll software helps small businesses

Many small business owners start by manually calculating payroll or using spreadsheets.

That approach may work with one or two employees, but payroll becomes more complicated as a business grows.

Payroll software can help automate tasks such as:

  • Running payroll

  • Calculating taxes

  • Filing payroll forms

  • Paying employees through direct deposit

  • Managing employee information

  • Supporting benefits administration

For sole proprietors who hire employees, tools like Gusto can help simplify payroll administration by handling many of the repetitive compliance tasks involved in paying a team.

The goal of using technology is not to replace the owner’s involvement. It is to reduce administrative work so the owner can focus on running and growing the business.

Managing contractors versus employees

Another common question for growing sole proprietors is whether to hire employees or work with independent contractors. The difference matters. Employees and contractors are treated differently under tax and employment laws.

Generally, employees work under the direction and control of the business, while independent contractors operate more independently and typically manage their own work methods.

Misclassifying workers can create compliance problems, so business owners should understand the rules that apply in their location and industry.

Building credibility as a sole proprietor

Some entrepreneurs worry that customers will view a sole proprietorship as less professional than an LLC or corporation. In reality, customers usually care more about the quality and reliability of your work.

You can build credibility by:

  • Maintaining a professional website

  • Using clear contracts

  • Responding promptly

  • Creating consistent processes

  • Collecting customer reviews

  • Communicating clearly

A simple business structure does not prevent you from creating a professional customer experience.

Growing beyond a one person business

Many successful companies begin as sole proprietorships, and growth often happens gradually:

For example, a freelancer may simply be hustling on the side, but then that freelancer may freelancer gains more clients. After that, the side business may become a full-time job. Perhaps then it’s time to hire help, after which multiple revenue streams develop . . . and so on.

As your business changes, your needs change too.

The structure that works when you earn your first dollar may not be the same structure you need when you manage employees, contracts, and significant revenue.

That is why reviewing your business structure periodically is an important part of responsible ownership.

Sole proprietorship vs. LLC: what is the difference?

One of the biggest decisions many business owners face is whether to continue operating as a sole proprietor or form an LLC.

There is no universal answer. The right choice depends on your business, your level of risk, your growth plans, and how much complexity you are comfortable managing.

A sole proprietorship is often the easiest way to start. An LLC can provide additional legal protection and flexibility as a business becomes more established.

Here is a simple comparison:


Sole proprietorship

LLC

Setup process

Usually simple

Requires formal registration

Cost to start

Usually lower

Usually higher due to filing fees and state requirements

Legal separation

No separation between owner and business

Business is generally a separate legal entity

Liability protection

Owner is personally responsible for business obligations

Owners generally receive liability protection

Tax treatment

Business income typically reported on personal tax return

Can have different tax treatment options

Ongoing requirements

Usually fewer requirements

State specific compliance requirements

For many entrepreneurs, the decision is not about choosing the "better" structure. It is about choosing the structure that fits the current stage of the business.

Someone earning occasional freelance income may value simplicity.

Someone operating a business with employees, significant contracts, or increased legal risk may decide that additional protection is worth the extra requirements.

When should you consider switching from a sole proprietorship to an LLC?

Starting as a sole proprietor does not mean you are committed to that structure forever.

Many entrepreneurs intentionally begin as sole proprietors because it allows them to validate an idea, build customers, and generate revenue before taking on additional administrative responsibilities.

You may want to consider forming an LLC when:

Your business has meaningful financial risk

If a mistake, accident, or customer dispute could create a significant financial impact, liability protection may become more important.

For example, a consultant handling sensitive business information or a contractor working on customer property may face different risks than a freelance writer.

You are hiring employees

Hiring employees often signals that your business has reached a new level of complexity.

An LLC is not required simply because you have employees, but many owners review their structure at this point because the business now involves greater financial and operational responsibility.

You want to build a long term company

Some entrepreneurs start a business intending to keep it small.

Others discover that their idea has significant growth potential.

If you are building a company that you eventually want to sell, bring in partners, or expand significantly, it may make sense to evaluate whether another structure better supports those goals.

Customers or partners expect a formal business entity

Some larger companies prefer working with registered business entities, especially when contracts, compliance requirements, or vendor relationships are involved.

A formal structure can sometimes make business relationships easier, although it does not automatically make a company more successful or trustworthy.

Common mistakes new sole proprietors make

A sole proprietorship is simple to start, but new owners can still run into avoidable problems.

Understanding common mistakes can help you build better habits from the beginning.

Treating business income like personal income

One of the easiest mistakes to make is spending business revenue as soon as it arrives.

A customer payment may feel like personal income, but part of that money may need to cover:

  • Taxes

  • Business expenses

  • Software subscriptions

  • Insurance

  • Future investments

Creating separate accounts and planning ahead helps prevent cash flow problems.

Waiting until tax season to organize finances

Many business owners put off bookkeeping because they are focused on customers and revenue.

The problem is that financial information becomes much harder to reconstruct months later.

A few minutes each week spent recording income and expenses can save significant time and stress later.

Ignoring compliance requirements

A business does not become exempt from rules simply because it is small.

Depending on your location and industry, you may still need:

  • Business licenses

  • Permits

  • Tax registrations

  • Insurance

  • Employee documentation

Taking time to understand your responsibilities early can prevent expensive problems later.

Assuming a sole proprietorship provides liability protection

This is one of the most important concepts for new owners to understand. A sole proprietorship does not create a legal barrier between you and your business. If the business faces certain debts or legal claims, your personal assets may be exposed.

This does not mean a sole proprietorship is the wrong choice. It means owners should understand the risk and take reasonable steps to protect themselves.

Trying to do everything alone

Independence is one of the biggest benefits of owning a business.

However, successful entrepreneurs also know when to ask for help.

That may mean working with:

  • An accountant

  • A lawyer

  • A bookkeeper

  • A payroll provider

  • A business mentor

Getting support does not reduce your independence. It gives you more time to focus on the parts of the business where you provide the most value.

Frequently asked questions about sole proprietorships

Do I need to register a sole proprietorship?

In many cases, you do not need to file paperwork to create a sole proprietorship because the business structure exists automatically when you operate a business without forming another entity.

However, you may still need to register a business name, obtain licenses, or meet local and state requirements depending on your situation.

Can a sole proprietor have employees?

Yes. A sole proprietor can hire employees.

Once you hire workers, you take on additional responsibilities related to payroll, taxes, employee records, and workplace compliance.

Many growing businesses use payroll software to help manage these responsibilities more efficiently.

Do sole proprietors pay business taxes?

Sole proprietors generally report business income on their personal tax return.

They may be responsible for income taxes, self employment taxes, and estimated tax payments depending on their circumstances.

Because tax obligations vary based on income, location, and deductions, many owners consult a tax professional for guidance.

Do I need an EIN as a sole proprietor?

Not always.

A sole proprietor without employees may be able to use their Social Security number for certain tax purposes.

However, an EIN can be useful for hiring employees, opening business accounts, and protecting personal information.

Can I open a bank account as a sole proprietor?

Yes.

Many banks allow sole proprietors to open business bank accounts using appropriate identification and documentation.

Keeping business finances separate is a recommended practice even when it is not legally required.

Is a sole proprietorship good for a small business?

For many small businesses, yes.

It can be a practical choice for entrepreneurs who want a simple way to start operating without significant administrative requirements.

However, every business owner should evaluate factors such as liability, growth plans, and financial risk before choosing a structure.

What happens if my business grows?

Growth does not automatically require changing your business structure.

Many sole proprietors continue operating successfully for years.

However, as revenue increases, employees are added, or risks become greater, it is a good idea to review whether your current structure still fits your needs.


Janae Monfort

Janae Monfort | Principal Product Marketing Manager for Gusto Solo, Entity Management and Tax Credits

Janae Monfort is a Principal Product Marketing Manager at Gusto. She has a decade of experience in fintech, spent building and scaling financial tools designed specifically to help business owners manage cash flow, plan for taxes, and unlock financial opportunities. Janae holds a BA in Communication and Media Studies from the University of Southern California, and is based in Seattle.